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Himalaya – Nepal – Humla – Simikot<\/p>\n
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Mapa de provincias de Nepal<\/p>\n
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Situado entre dos estados gigantes, la India y China y al abrigo de la cordillera del Himalaya, es un peque\u00f1o pa\u00eds constituido en forma pol\u00edtica de rep\u00fablica federal con 7 provincias.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbPoppins|||on|||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb16px\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bbMerriweather||||||||\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#e94558″ header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb60px\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb35px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n La creaci\u00f3n del pa\u00eds se produjo en 1768 de la mano de un pr\u00edncipe Gorkha que unifica varios estados independientes de los contrafuertes del Himalaya. En 1814 se declara la guerra anglo nepal\u00ed con la Compa\u00f1\u00eda Brit\u00e1nica de las Indias Orientales. Nepal pierde el Sikkim y parte del Terai, en el sur, pero mantiene la independencia.<\/p>\n En 1846 se instaura la dinast\u00eda Rana, aislacionista, que relega al rey a un papel representativo, pero con primeros ministros hereditarios hasta 1948, en que coincidiendo con la independencia de la India se recupera la dinast\u00eda Shah.<\/p>\n En 1950 se instaur\u00f3 el r\u00e9gimen de partidos con la promulgaci\u00f3n de una constituci\u00f3n. Las primeras elecciones tienen lugar en 1959.<\/p>\n En 1962 se instaura un r\u00e9gimen mon\u00e1rquico absolutista que dura hasta 1989. En 1991 se celebran elecciones.<\/p>\n En 1996 el Partido Comunista de Nepal (Mao\u00edsta) comienza una revuelta que termina en Guerra Civil, que dura hasta el 2006.<\/p>\n En 2001 se produce el asesinato de toda la familia real por parte de un miembro de la propia familia (hijo o hermano del rey).<\/p>\n En 2002 el nuevo rey (el hermano) decreta la ley marcial y disuelve el gobierno. La guerrilla ya controlaba el 80% del territorio.<\/p>\n En 2006 se constituye un nuevo gobierno, que convoca elecciones en 2008.<\/p>\n El nuevo gobierno, con mayor\u00eda de las distintas ramas del Partido Comunista disuelve la monarqu\u00eda en mayo de 2008 y acuerda redactar una constituci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n El 20 de septiembre de 2015 se publica la primera constituci\u00f3n que hace una Rep\u00fablica federal, con 7 unidades provinciales.<\/p>\n La religi\u00f3n imperante es el hinduismo; en segundo lugar, el budismo. Existe tambi\u00e9n cristianismo e islamismo, aunque muy minoritarios. 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header_6_text_shadow_style__hover=\u00bbnone\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_style__hover_enabled=\u00bbnone\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_color__hover=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.4)\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_color__hover_enabled=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.4)\u00bb]<\/p>\n La geograf\u00eda del pa\u00eds tiene, en el sur, una llanura, el Terai, fronterizo con la India, con clima tropical, situado a menos de 200 m.s.n.m. y donde se encuentra la fauna y la bot\u00e1nica de una zona tropical, como tigres, elefantes y rinocerontes, as\u00ed como cultivos de ca\u00f1a de az\u00facar, de arroz, pl\u00e1tanos, …<\/p>\n Tiene la norte la cordillera del Himalaya, con 8 de los 14 picos de m\u00e1s de 8.000 m.s.n.m.<\/p>\n Y entre las dos zonas, los valles y las cordilleras que posibilitan el transito geol\u00f3gico entre los dos mundos.<\/p>\n La capital es Katmand\u00fa<\/strong>, ciudad con fuertes atractivos tur\u00edsticos, pero capital de un pa\u00eds del tercer mundo con poco orden urban\u00edstico y muchas carencias en este campo.<\/p>\n Est\u00e1 a 1.400 m.s.n.m. y tiene un clima templado todo el a\u00f1o.<\/p>\n El valle en el que se encuentra tiene unos 2 M. de habitantes. Hasta mayo de 2022 era el \u00fanico aeropuerto con vuelos internacionales.<\/p>\n Ahora hay otro en Lumbini, lugar de nacimiento de Buda Gautama.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.19.5″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n http:\/\/nepal.gov.np\/<\/a><\/p>\n https:\/\/datos.bancomundial.org\/pais\/nepal?view=chart<\/a><\/p>\nAlgunos datos<\/h3>\n
Un pa\u00eds de contrastes<\/h3>\n
\n\n
\n <\/td>\n Nepal<\/strong><\/td>\n India<\/strong><\/td>\n Espa\u00f1a<\/strong><\/td>\n Catalunya<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Superficie km\u00b2<\/td>\n 147.000<\/td>\n 3.290.000<\/td>\n 505.000<\/td>\n 32.107<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Poblaci\u00f3n. 10\u2076. 2020. BMundial<\/td>\n 29,14<\/td>\n 1.300<\/td>\n \u00a046,7<\/td>\n \u00a07,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Poblaci\u00f3n rural. %. 2017. BMundial<\/td>\n \u00a079<\/td>\n 65<\/td>\n \u00a019<\/td>\n 16*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n PIB\/persona. 2020. BMundial US$<\/td>\n \u00a01.155<\/td>\n 1.694<\/td>\n 26.425<\/td>\n \u00a031.119<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Esperanza de vida. 2015. h\/d. BMundial<\/td>\n 68\/71<\/td>\n 67\/70<\/td>\n 80\/86<\/td>\n 81\/86<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Gasto en salud\/h. \u20ac\/a\u00f1o. 2019. Expansi\u00f3n<\/td>\n 9<\/td>\n 17<\/td>\n 1.703<\/td>\n 1.269<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Gasto en salud. % PIB. 2017. Expansi\u00f3n<\/td>\n 5,8<\/td>\n 4,7<\/td>\n 6,3<\/td>\n 5,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Fertilidad 2019. BMundial<\/td>\n 1,9<\/td>\n 2,2<\/td>\n 1,2<\/td>\n 1,29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Mortalidad infantil \/1.000 nacimientos. BMundial<\/td>\n 26,9<\/td>\n 37,8<\/td>\n 3,3<\/td>\n 2,42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n